Sasan ghamari; Farhang Fatehi; Kamran Rezayazdi
Volume 25, Issue 2 , July 2023, , Pages 145-154
Abstract
Introduction: The production of dairy goat breeds such as Saanen has become widespread in many countries and factors like the nutritional value of goat milk, high amounts of milk yield compared to body weight, and less methane gas production have played important role for the mentioned development. Previous ...
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Introduction: The production of dairy goat breeds such as Saanen has become widespread in many countries and factors like the nutritional value of goat milk, high amounts of milk yield compared to body weight, and less methane gas production have played important role for the mentioned development. Previous studies have shown that reaching the insemination weight (35 kg) of replacement female goats is one of the most important points in the breeding of the dairy goat breeds. Subsequently, other studies have shown that improving growth and weight gain during suckling period reduces the time to reach the required weight and body size for insemination, the growth of mammary glands and increases milk production, and it is economically important. Protein is one of the factors which play important role in growth and body frame development of goats especially at life's early stages. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different levels of crude protein in milk replacer on performance of Saanen suckling kids.
Material and Methods: Sixteen Saanen female kids with 10 days of age and 4.678± 0.57 kg of BW were randomly assigned to two experimental treatments, including milk replacer with 22% crude protein (22CP; milk replacer contain 22% crude protein) and milk replacer with 28% crude protein (28CP; milk replacer contain 22% crude protein plus 10 gram of whey protein concentrate per liter of milk replacer). The experimental kids were weaned at 64 days of age and during this time milk replacer, starter, and alfalfa hay intake of kids was recorded daily, and the weight of the goats was measured weekly.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that average daily weight gain of kids fed with 28CP treatment was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to the 22CP treatment during the first month, the second month and whole experimental period. Also, the kids body weight at the end of second month for 28CP treatment was significantly higher (P = 0.05) compared to the 22CP treatment (16.14 vs. 14.21 kg). The amount of total dry matter intake (DMI) during the entire experimental period was higher (P < 0.05) for the 28CP treatment compared to the 22CP treatment (509.65 vs. 459.68 grams per day). There were no significant differences among the experimental treatments for the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the first month, the second month and the entire experimental period. In fact, although the 28 CP treatment had a higher daily weight gain compared to the CP22 treatment, due to higher DMI, but it had a similar FCR compared to the CP22 treatment.
Conclusion: Results showed that feeding milk replacer containing high levels of crude protein (28%) can results to the higher average daily gain and subsequently heavier weaning weight in Saanen goat kids.
seyed mohammad reza beheshti; kamran rezayazdi; arya badiei; Mostafa Sadeghi
Volume 23, Issue 2 , July 2021, , Pages 213-221
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of live yeast on ruminal function and health of dairy cows fed diets containing low and high concentrations of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). In this experiment, six cannulated dairy cows were randomly assigned in a Latin square ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of live yeast on ruminal function and health of dairy cows fed diets containing low and high concentrations of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). In this experiment, six cannulated dairy cows were randomly assigned in a Latin square design with six periods (14-days) and six treatments including 1- diet contain low NFC free of live yeast, 2-diet contain low NFC with 5 g/d of live yeast, 3-diet contain low NFC with 10 g/d of live yeast, 4-diet contain high NFC free of live yeast, 5-diet contain high NFC with 5 g/d of live yeast and 6-diet contain high NFC with 10 g/d of live yeast. Dry matter intake, rumination, ruminal parameters and blood metabolites were determined in the different periods. Dry matter intake, rumination activity, nutrient digestibility, mean ruminal pH and temperature were not affected by treatments. General and plasma indicators of animal healthwere also not affected by treatments. Overall, the results of this experiment indicated that dietary supplementation with live yeasthad no significant effect on rumen function and health in cows fed diets containing different concentrations of NFC.
Amir Hossein Rezakhani; Younes Ali Alijoo; Kamran Rezayazdi
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 55-65
Abstract
This study was carried out to assess the effects of two types of fatty acids-calcified salts on the performance of dairy cows in the transition period. In total, 32 multiparous Holstein cows with body weight mean of 723=39.9 kg in a 6-week time range (three weeks before until three weeks after ...
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This study was carried out to assess the effects of two types of fatty acids-calcified salts on the performance of dairy cows in the transition period. In total, 32 multiparous Holstein cows with body weight mean of 723=39.9 kg in a 6-week time range (three weeks before until three weeks after parturition) were assigned to treatments in a completely randomized design. There were four diets including control (without fat supplement), diet supplemented with unsaturated fat, diet supplemented with saturated fat and diet supplemented with both unsaturated and saturated fats. Fat supplements as calcium salts were applied at the level of 1.5% and 3% in the pre-partum and post-partum diets,respectively. Based on the results, it turned out that pre-partum DM feed intake, post-partum body weight and body condition score were not affected by the diets, whereas, post-partum DM feed intake appeared to be different (p < 0.05). In addition, the digestibility coefficient appeared to be different among pre- and post-partum trial diets (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed for blood parameters as well as milk yield and its composition. In conclusion, the results revealed that fat sources as calcium salt supplements can improve the digestibility of nutrients in the digestive system, without any adverse-effects on performance in dairy cows.
Hossein Gholami; sayed abdoullah hosseini; kamran rezayazdi
Volume 21, Issue 4 , January 2020, , Pages 545-555
Abstract
This experiment carried out to determine the nutritional value of 18 sorghum forage varieties and to introduce superior cultivars using multicriteria decision-making technology. They sow in early June and harvested in mid-November. Random samples were taken from the center of each experimental ...
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This experiment carried out to determine the nutritional value of 18 sorghum forage varieties and to introduce superior cultivars using multicriteria decision-making technology. They sow in early June and harvested in mid-November. Random samples were taken from the center of each experimental plot in a way that ten plants were cut from 10 cm above soil. These samples were cut into 3 to 5 cm pieces, eachcultivar had three samples, in total 54 samples were collected. Yield and nutrient contents such as, crude protein, crude ash, ADF, NDF, water-soluble carbohydrates, starch and lignin measured in the experimental cultivars. The metabolizable energy of sorghum cultivars estimated by gas test method using the amount of gas produced in 24 hours and the amount of crude protein contained in it. Sorghumcultivars ranked based on 11 integrated traits. Among the domestic cultivars, Spidfeed ranked fifth among all varieties, followed by KFS-18 ranked seven and pegah ranked 10th and KFS-2 ranked 12th with moderate quantitative and qualitative performance. Overall, based on the results of the multi-criteria decision-making method, it was found that the top three sorghum cultivars are Siloking, FGCSI12 and PHFS-27, respectively, which are recommended for sorghum forage production and silage for dairy farmers.
Hossein Gholami
Volume 18, Issue 4 , December 2016, , Pages 741-748
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the metabolizable and net energy for lactation of Iranian sainfoin using chemical composition and gas production data obtained by experiments being carried out in different animal nutrition laboratories mainly Animal Science Research Institute (ASRI) (from 1987 to ...
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This study was conducted to determine the metabolizable and net energy for lactation of Iranian sainfoin using chemical composition and gas production data obtained by experiments being carried out in different animal nutrition laboratories mainly Animal Science Research Institute (ASRI) (from 1987 to 2011) in IRAN. Linear fitted equations as well as logarithmic, inverse, quadratic, cubic, power, S and exponential fitted equations for components such as crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and NFE were estimated. The obtained equations for crude protein were very significant (P<0.001) with high coefficient of the determination (R2 = 0.731). In the above mentioned equations for estimating metabolizable energy of sainfoin hay, crude protein can be chosen as an independent variable. By selecting crude protein as an independent variable and related equations, Metabolizable energy (ME), net energy for lactation (NEL), Net energy for maintenance (NEm) and net energy for growth (NEg) of Iranian sainfoin were 2.43, 1.29, 1.55 and 0.94 Mcal/Kg DM, respectively. The result showed, with a simple chemical experiment of crude protein in the animal nutrition laboratory can be estimated available energy of Iranian sainfoin and used it in ruminant diets.
Mehdi Dehghani Sanij; Ahmad Afzalzadeh; Kamran Reza Yazdi; Mohammad Ali Norouzian
Volume 16, Issue 1 , May 2014, , Pages 11-20
Abstract
The effect of replacing alfalfa by artichoke hay on nutrient digestibility, gas production parameters, performance and carcass characteristics of Lori-Bakhtiari lambs was studied. The lambs in control group received diet containing 30 percent alfalfa, 15 percent barley straw and 55 percent concentrate ...
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The effect of replacing alfalfa by artichoke hay on nutrient digestibility, gas production parameters, performance and carcass characteristics of Lori-Bakhtiari lambs was studied. The lambs in control group received diet containing 30 percent alfalfa, 15 percent barley straw and 55 percent concentrate and in test group alfalfa hay was replaced with artichoke hay, completely. Dry matter intake was higher for test group lambs (P<0.05), but average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were not differed between experimental groups. Gas production rate was not differed between groups, but b fraction was higher for test group (P<0.05). Replacing alfalfa by artichoke caused to increasing digestibility of dry matter and organic matter (P<0.05). However, control diet had higher digestibility of crude protein and NDF (P<0.05). After slaughter, there were no significant differences between groups in carcass characteristics and percentage of internal organs. Results of this study showed that artichoke hay could be replaced with alfalfa hay in finishing lambs diet.